(For each of these concepts, see the tutorial for examples.)
Product of two powers -- Assuming "x" is a real number, multiply two values with the same base by adding the exponents.
Power of a power -- Assuming "x" is a real number, the exponent of an exponent is the same as raising the base to the product of the two exponents.
Power of a product -- Assuming "x" and "y" are real numbers, raising the product of two values to a power is the same as raising each value to that power and multiplying the result.